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3dtext
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3dtext (double) x, (double) y, (double) z (string) text
3dtext 0.1,-0.2,0.3 Hello
3dtext 0.1,-0.2,0.3 "Hello world!"
Write text at a given 3d-position.
(x,y,z) are relative box-coordinates.
These coordinates run from -1 to 1 along each side of the virtual
box.
Strings which contain blanks must be enclosed in
quotation marks.
The justification of the text is controlled by the
set center command.
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background
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background (int) red, (int) green, (int) blue
background 255,255,255
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Set background color. 0,0,0 is black and 255,255,255 is bright white.
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draw_box
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draw box
Draw edges of virtual box.
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draw color
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draw color (double) from, (double) to
draw color -2.0,1.5
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Draw colorbar for given value-range.
The appearance of the colorbar is controlled by the
set cb_pos,
set cb_size,
set cb_skip and
set cb_ticks commands.
The current line width and line color are used to draw a frame around
the colorbar and tick-marks.
The current font and text colors are used to draw the tick labels.
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draw face
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draw face (string) file-name
draw face example.dat
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Draw object with irregular data structure.
The parameter file-name is the name of the data file in 'face'-format.
See also the face-format section.
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draw mesh
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draw mesh (string) file-name
draw mesh example.dat
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Draw object with regular data structure.
The parameter file-name is the name of the data file in 'mesh'-format.
See also the mesh-format section.
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draw obj
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draw obj (string) file-name
draw obj example.dat
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Draw object with irregular data structure.
The parameter file-name is the name of the data file in 'obj'-format.
See also the obj-format section.
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draw xy_grid
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draw xz_grid
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draw yz_grid
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draw xy_grid (double) pos (int) nx, (int) ny
draw xy_grid -1 3,3
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Draw grid in 'xy'-plane (or 'xz'-, 'yz'-plane). The parameter
pos gives the 'z'-position of the grid in relative box-coordinates.
These coordinates run from -1 to 1 along each side of the virtual
box.
The integers nx and ny give the number of grid lines
for the respective direction.
The appearance of the grid is controlled by the commands
set grid_b and
set grid_f.
See also the example section.
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set app
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set app (string) key
set app fes
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Set many parameters in one command. key is a string with the
key letters 'FfEeCcSsRr'. The order of the letters is important.
The letters 's' and 'r' work only directly behind an 'f', 'e' or 'c'.
Single Combinations
f: draw faces fr: draw faces using light effect
e: draw edges
c: draw contour lines fs,es,cs: draw faces,edges or contour lines
and take color from look-up-table
The
set app,
command replaces the deprecated commands
set face_sh,
set edge_sh,
set obj_cont,
set obj_face and
set obj_edge.
See also the light effect section
below and
the example section.
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set auto_r
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set auto_r (char) key
set auto_r x
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The parameter key is either 'x', 'y' or 'z'.
The command switches off the fix coordinate range set by a
preceding
set xrange,
set yrange or
set zrange command.
The range is computed from the minimum and maximum value
in the data set.
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set axis_ti
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set axis_ti (double) rtic, (double) rlab
set axis_ti 1.15,1.2
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Set the form of the axis tick-marks and the position of the
tick labels.
The parameter rtic determines the end point of the tick label.
It is given as relative distance from from the middle of the virtual box.
rtic=1.0 gives no tick labels (zero length). rtic >
1.0 leads to outwards pointing tick marks.
tic < 1.0 gives inwards pointing tick marks.
The default value is rtic=1.05.
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The parameter rlab gives the position of the tick labels.
The same scaling as for rtic is used.
The default value is rlab=1.1.
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set border_c
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set border_c (int) r, (int) g, (int) b
set border_c 0,255,255
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Set the color used to draw the grid borders.
r,
g and
b
are integers between 0 and 255.
See draw xy_grid for more.
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set border_w
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set border_w (int) w
set border_w 2
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Set the width of border-lines.
The parameter w gives the value in pixels.
This width is used to draw the border of the grids.
See draw xy_grid for more.
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set box
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set box (double) x, (double) y, (double) z
set box 2,2,1
Set the extension of the virtual box in 'x', 'y' and 'z'-direction.
Only the ratio between the given values is used.
A tiny 'z'-value can be used for 2d-plots.
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set cb_pos
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set cb_pos (int) x, (int) y
set cb_pos 400,20
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Set the position of the colorbar.
The 2d-coordinates are given in pixels.
Reference point is the upper left corner of the colorbar.
This setting is used when the
draw color command is performed.
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set cb_size
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set cb_size (int) dx, (int) dy
set cb_size 100,10
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Set the size of the colorbar.
The size is given in pixels.
This setting is used when the
draw color command is performed.
The ration of dx and dy determines the orientation
of the colorbar.
If dx > dy, then a horizontal colorbar is generated
and the labels are below the bar.
Otherwise the colorbar is vertical and the labels are on it's left side.
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set cb_skip
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set cb_skip (int) len, (int) dist
set cb_skip 5,10
Set the length of the tick-marks on the colorbar and the
position of the tick-labels.
The parameters len and dist are given in pixels.
dist is the distance of the label from the colorbar.
This setting is used when the
draw color command is performed.
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set cb_ticks
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set cb_ticks (int) n
set cb_ticks 3
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Set the number of tick marks with labels along the colorbar.
This setting is used when the
draw color command is performed.
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set center
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set center (string) key
set center rc
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Set the text-justification.
key is a string which should consist of two letters.
The first means 'l'=left, 'c'=center or 'r'=right.
The second means 'b'=bottom, 'c'=center or 't'=top.
This setting effects text-drawing with the
text and the
3dtext
command.
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set cont
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set cont (double) start, (double) step, (double) end
set cont 0.0,0.1,1.0
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Set the levels for the contour lines.
A series of contour-levels is defined.
The values are:
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level(n) = start ± n × step
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All levels are between start and end.
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set coord
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set coord (int) nx, (int) ny, (int) ny
set coord 1,2,4
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Set the data column which is taken as coordinate values.
By default the columns (1,2,3) are taken as coordinates (x,y,z).
All data lines in the file have to contain the requested columns.
The programs aborts, if data is missing.
The first column has the index '1'.
The index '0' has a special meaning.
In this case the respective coordinate is set to zero for all data points.
This can be used to project all points on a plane.
The example shows how this works.
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set dist
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set dist (double) r
set dist 10.0
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Set the distance between the virtual observer and the middle
of the virtual box.
The value r is relative to the maximum
extension of the virtual box.
Default is a value of r=10.0.
A very large value leads to parallel projection.
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set edge_c
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set edge_c (int) r, (int) g, (int) b
set edge_c 64,63,127
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Set the color used for edge-line drawings.
r,
g and
b
are integers between 0 and 255.
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set edge_sh
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set edge_sh (char) key
set edge_sh r
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Enables (key=y/yes) or disables (key=n/no) the lut-shading of
edge lines.
If disabled, the edges are plotted using a fix color.
If enabled, the color is computed using a look-up-table.
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This command is deprecated. The command
set appear
should be used.
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set edge_w
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set edge_w (int) w
set edge_w 2
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Set the width of edge-lines. The parameter w gives the value in pixels.
This width is used for drawing the mesh lines and the edges of the faces.
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set face_c
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set face_c (int) r, (int) g, (int) b
set face_c 255,63,127
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Set the color used for face drawings.
r,
g and
b
are integers between 0 and 255.
See also the set hidden_c command.
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set face_sh
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set face_sh (char) key
set face_sh r
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Set the way in which the faces are drawn.
key is 'y', 'n' or 'r'.
In the case of 'n' the faces are drawn using a fix color.
When key is 'y' the color is computed using the look-up-table.
In the case of key='r' the faces are drawn
using the light-effect mode.
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This command is deprecated. The command
set appear
should be used.
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set font
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set font (string) font-file
set font 9x15bold
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Loads a font from a the given font file.
The font-file is searched in the directory given by the font-path.
See also the fonts section.
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set format
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set format (string) key
set format .2E
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Set number format of tick labels.
The parameter key gives the format in
a c-style standard.
Default is '.1f' (=one digit after point).
To get an integer format '.0' should be set.
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set grid_b
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set grid_b (char) key
set grid_b y
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Enables (key=y/yes) or disables (key=n/no) the plotting of
grid borders.
See also the
draw xy_grid command.
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set grid_f
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set grid_f (char) key
set grid_f y
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Enables (key=y/yes) or disables (key=n/no) the plotting of
grid faces.
See also the
draw xy_grid command.
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set hidden_c
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set hidden_c (int) r, (int) g, (int) b
set hidden_c 255,63,127
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Set the color which is used to draw the back-side of faces.
The command is used to get different colors for front and back of
the faces.
The set face_c command sets the color
of both - front and back - to the same value.
The order of the point in the data set determines which side is
considered as front side.
If an incorrect ordering is used in the data set,
unexpected results may occur (front and back are switched for some
or all faces).
See also the
example section.
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set light
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set light (int) n (double) alpha, (double) beta, (double) power
set light 0 20.0,30.0,0.6
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Set the parameters of a light source.
The light sources are used for face drawings with simple light effects
(see the command
set app for details).
n is the number of the light source.
Until now three light sources are allowed: n=0,1,2.
The angles alpha and beta define the direction
incident light.
Their scaling is corresponds to that used with the
set view command.
The parameter power determines the intensity of the light source.
A white face with incident light in normal direction and power=1.0
appears at maximum brightness (255,255,255).
The default is one light source (n=0) with
alpha=0.0, beta=0.0 and power=0.6.
See also the light effect section
below.
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set line_c
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set line_c (int) r, (int) g, (int) b
set line_c 255,63,127
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Set the color used for line drawings.
r,
g and
b
are integers between 0 and 255.
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set line_dz
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set line_dz (double) dz
set line_dz 0.01
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Set the bonus value used for line drawings.
See the
Z-Buffering section for more details.
The value is given relative to the extension of the virtual box
(see also set box).
The default is dz=0.02.
This corresponds to 2 percent of the box extension.
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set line_sh
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set line_sh (char) key
set line_sh y
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Enables (key=y/yes) or disables (key=n/no) the lut-shading of
contour lines.
If disabled, contour lines a plotted using a fix color.
If enabled, the color is computed using a look-up-table.
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This command is deprecated. The command
set appear
should be used.
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set line_w
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set line_w (int) w
set line_w 2
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Set the width of lines. The parameter w gives the value in pixels.
This width is used for drawing contour lines, grid lines and the virtual
box.
The line width value does not effect
the drawing of the mesh lines and object edges.
Their width is adjusted with the command
set edge_w.
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set lut
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set lut (string) file-name
set lut color.lut
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Load the color look-up-table from the given file.
See also the lut section.
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set null
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set null
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Reset many parameters to their default values.
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set obj_cont
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set obj_cont (char) key
set obj_cont y
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Enables (key=y/yes) or disables (key=n/no) the plotting of
contour lines.
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This command is deprecated. The command
set appear
should be used.
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set obj_edge
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set obj_edge (char) key
set obj_edge y
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Enables (key=y/yes) or disables (key=n/no) the plotting of edges.
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This command is deprecated. The command
set appear
should be used.
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set obj_face
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set obj_face (char) key
set obj_face y
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Enables (key=y/yes) or disables (key=n/no) the plotting of faces.
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This command is deprecated. The command
set appear
should be used.
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set out_tol
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set out_tol (int) r
set out_tol 250
Set the width of a tolerance zone around the image border.
The parameter r gives the width in pixels.
When a line is draw, it is checked is the starting and end points
are within the image.
If one of the points is outside the image, the complete line is discarded.
Points in the tolerance zone are considered inside the image.
An enlargement of the tolerance zone
may slow down the plotting dramatically.
When the tolerance zone is too small some lines near the image border
may not be drawn. Default is a width of 128 pixels.
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set periodic_lut
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set periodic_lut (char) key
set periodic_lut y
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Enables (key=y/yes) or disables (key=n/no) the periodic
continuation of the color look-up-table.
In a look-up-table a shade is defined for a limited value range.
This option determines the resulting color for a value outside
of this range.
If 'set periodic_lut no' (default) is given, the resulting color is black.
If the periodic lut is enabled, the value is mapped (using a
modulo function) inside the limited range and the respective
color is returned.
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set render_am
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set render_am (double) intensity
set render_am 0.3
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Set the ambient intensity used when rendering the faces with light
effect.
intensity should be a value between 0 and 1.
A higher value causes the faces to appear brighter.
See also the light effect section
below.
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set shift
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set shift (int) dx, (int) dy
set shift -20,10
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Shift the 3d-plot by (dx, dy) pixels.
Note, that the y-coordinate runs from top to bottom.
A negative dy moves the plot up.
A negative dx moves the plot left.
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set text_bg
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set text_bg (int) r, (int) g, (int) b
set text_bg 0,0,255
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Set the background color for text drawings.
r, g and b are integers between 0 and 255.
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set text_fg
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set text_fg (int) r, (int) g, (int) b
set text_fg 255,0,0
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Set the foreground color for text drawings.
r, g and b are integers between 0 and 255.
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set using
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set using (int) n
set using 5
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Select the data-set column from which the values are taken
to compute contour-lines or shading values.
Default is the value in column 1 which is by default also taken
as x-coordinate.
See also the
set coord command.
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set view
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set view (double) alpha, (double) beta
set view 20,30
Set the viewing angle for 3d-plots.
alpha gives the rotation around the z-axis and
beta is the angle with respect to the xy-plane.
The command 'set view 0,90' gives a top view with the x-axes
from left to right and the y-axis from bottom to top.
Together with a flat virtual box the 0,90-setting
can be used for 2d-plotting.
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set xrange
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set yrange
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set zrange
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set xrange (double) from, (double) to
set xrange -4,4
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Set the coordinate-range for the virtual box along the x-axis.
This disables the auto-scaling, where the minimum and maximum values
of the data set are taken.
The auto-scaling can be enabled again by the
set auto_r
command.
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set xticks
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set yticks
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set zticks
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set xticks (int) n
set xticks 4
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Set the number of tick-marks along the x-axis.
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set zoom
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set zoom (double) factor
set zoom 1.2
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Scale the 3d-plot by factor.
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text
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text (int) nx, (int) ny (string) s
text 20,40 "Hello world!"
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Write string s at position (nx,ny).
Origin is the upper left corner.
Strings which contain blanks must be enclosed in
quotation marks.
The justification of the text is controlled by the
set center command.
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xaxis
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yaxis
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zaxis
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xaxis (double) ry, (double) rz (int) (string) key
xaxis -1,-1 ct
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Draw an axis in x-direction with tick-marks and labels.
ry and rz are the y and z-position of the axis
in relative box coordinates.
These coordinates run from -1 to 1 along each side of the virtual
box.
key has the same meaning as for the
set center command.
It controls the justification of the tick-labels.
The number of tick-marks is set by the
set xticks command.
Accuracy problems occur when a line is draw, which lies exactly
in a face.
This is a typical case for contour lines and object edges.
Then rounding errors can cause the line to be
visible at some locations and at others not.
This can result in a fractal plot of the line.
To overcome this problem a simple measures is taken.
All lines get a certain bonus.
This means, a fix z-bonus (dz) is subtracted from their actual z-value.
So they appear always in front of the faces.
The z-bonus can be adjusted by the
set line_dz
command.
Unfortunately the simple bonus-trick has a drawback.
If the z-bonus is too large lines appear in front of the faces
where they should not be visible.
Thus, the chosen z-bonus has to be a compromise between fractal line
drawings and invalid line drawing in front of faces.
Mostly the default value gives acceptable results.