Conclusion

The basic advantage of the hybrid DES approach is clearly indicated in terms of computational costs and of accuracy in the prediction of flow over blunt bodies. Furthermore, the performance of LES in the outer turbulent region is also obtained by using the DES technique. DES results of the steady and unsteady aerodynamic fields as well as the acoustic far-field compare reasonably with the experimental data. The advantages of using k-ε model for DES lies in the much more accurate prediction of the shedding frequency with respect to the SA-DES. The spectral content of the flow, such as the broadening of the main Strouhal peak and the overall broadband spectrum, is well reproduced from all DES simulations, as the DES simulations model the main flow physics and turbulent scales in wake of the rod in the LES mode.